Importância da interação entre comunidade e graduando, para uma formação humanizada: relato de experiência / Importance of interaction between community and undergraduate, for humanized training: experience report

Durante a vivência acadêmica, as universidades conectam seus futuros profissionais para assistência à comunidade, tendo em vista uma formação centrada na humanização dos pacientes. O programa de monitoria para a clínica interdisciplinar no tratamento de feridas, do Centro Universitário do Espírito Santo (UNESC), não se limita apenas ao campo teórico, abrangendo muito a prática com o corpo social e possibilita essa experiência com a comunidade de forma humanizada. Objetivo: Relatar a inter-relação com a sociedade durante o tempo de monitoria, como isso é importante para a capacitação de excelência, e também como essa humanização contribui para tratamento e evolução do paciente. Metodologia: O estudo consiste em um relato de experiência de um dos monitores da clínica de feridas durante um semestre de monitoria, apresentando caráter descritivo. Resultados e Discussão: Durante a vivência notou-se o quão importante é enxergar esse lado humano do paciente, não se preocupando apenas com suas queixas. Agindo desse modo, teve como resultado pacientes mais felizes, engajados com o tratamento e gostando de estar naquele ambiente, por mais doloroso que fosse o real motivo. Considerações finais: É vital para o graduando aprender a lapidar sua abordagem com o paciente, atuando de maneira holística. Essa interação entre universidade e corpo social é de fundamental importância para desenvolver profissionais que saiam ainda mais capacitados para o mercado de trabalho, principalmente quando se trata de profissionais da área da saúde, possibilitando mesclar assistência e atendimento, com o processo de ensino-aprendizado das práticas de saúde.(AU)

During their academic experience, universities connect their future professionals to assist the community, with a view to training centred on the humanization of patients. The monitoring program for the interdisciplinary wound care clinic at the Centro Universitário do Espírito Santo (UNESC) is not just limited to the theoretical field, but also encompasses a lot of practice with the social body and enables this experience with the community in a humanized way. Objective: To report on the interrelationship with society during the monitoring period, how important this is for the training of excellence, and also how this humanization contributes to the treatment and evolution of the patient. METHODOLOGY: The study consists of a report on the experience of one of the wound clinic monitors during a semester of monitoring, and is descriptive in nature. Results and Discussion: During the experience, we noticed how important it is to see the human side of the patient, not just worrying about their complaints. Acting in this way resulted in happier patients, engaged with the treatment and enjoying being in that environment, no matter how painful the real reason.Final considerations: It is vital for undergraduates to learn how to refine their approach to patients, acting in a holistic way. This interaction between the university and society is of fundamental importance for developing professionals who are even more qualified for the job market, especially when it comes to health professionals, making it possible to merge assistance and care with the teaching-learning process of health practices.(AU)

Durante su experiencia académica, las universidades vinculan a sus futuros profesionales con la asistencia a la comunidad, con vistas a una formación centrada en la humanización de los pacientes. El programa de acompañamiento de la clínica interdisciplinaria de cuidado de heridas del Centro Universitario do Espírito Santo (UNESC) no se limita apenas al campo teórico, sino que abarca mucha práctica con el cuerpo social y posibilita esta experiencia con la comunidad de forma humanizada. Objetivo: Informar sobre la interrelación con la sociedad durante el período de seguimiento, cuán importante es esto para la formación de excelencia, y también cómo esta humanización contribuye al tratamiento y evolución del paciente. Metodología: El estudio consiste en un informe sobre la experiencia de uno de los monitores de la clínica de heridas durante un semestre de monitorización, y es de naturaleza descriptiva. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN: Durante la experiencia, nos dimos cuenta de lo importante que es ver el lado humano del paciente, no sólo preocuparse por sus quejas. Actuar de esta manera resultó en pacientes más felices, comprometidos con el tratamiento y disfrutando de estar en ese ambiente, por más doloroso que sea el motivo real.Consideraciones finales: Es fundamental que los estudiantes universitarios aprendan a perfeccionar su abordaje con los pacientes, actuando de forma holística. Esta interacción entre la universidad y la sociedad es de fundamental importancia para el desarrollo de profesionales aún más cualificados para el mercado de trabajo, especialmente cuando se trata de profesionales de la salud, haciendo posible la fusión de la asistencia y el cuidado con el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las prácticas de salud.(AU)

Construction and application of the “school-enterprise-community”linkage community pharmaceutical care mode based on the WeChat mini program / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To construct the “school-enterprise-community” linkage community pharmaceutical care mode based on the WeChat mini program， upgrade the content and mode of community pharmaceutical care， and improve the quality of healthy life of the residents. METHODS Focusing on the pharmaceutical care needs of community residents， by integrating school， enterprise and community pharmaceutical resources， the WeChat mini program of “drug enjoying health” was created and the “online+offline” community pharmaceutical care mode was built. Using classified random sampling， mini program users were randomly selected as the observation group， and offline pair-assisted community residents as the control group. The intervention effects of the two groups were compared around the three aspects of medication health knowledge mastery， medication compliance and medication behavior. RESULTS The “drug enjoying health” mini program consisted of four modules：“ drug for health”，“ drug for warmth”，“ drug for safety”， and “personal information”. The “school-enterprise-community” linkage community pharmaceutical care mode based on the “drug enjoying health” mini program began to be applied in July 2022， with 6 185 users， 2 732 recovery records of expired drugs， 941 times of pharmaceutical care， and 3 354 consultation orders. After the intervention， the qualified rate of medication health knowledge mastery， complete compliance rate， and the correct rate of medication behavior in the observation group increased from 33.53% to 76.87%， 20.23% to 46.26%， and 49.71% to 89.80%， respectively； the proportion of the increase after the intervention was higher than that of the control group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS This mode has effectively improved the quality of community pharmaceutical care， improves the health awareness of community residents in drug use， and promotes the standardization， rationalization and safety of residents’ drug use.

Neopentecostalismo, teología de la prosperidad y neoliberalismo. Hacia una lógica religiosa para el Homo oeconoimicus

El presente escrito tiene por objetivo demostrar que la relación entre la teología de la prosperidad, que se toma aquí específicamente en su expresión neopentecostal, y el neoliberalismo, entendido desde su dimensión de fuerza productora de subjetividad, se ha fortalecido dentro del actual marco de reproducción sistémica del capitalismo. Para esto se divide el escrito en tres partes: la primera, que se encarga de exponer conceptualmente el neopentecostalismo; la segunda, donde se expone la teología de la prosperidad; y, por último, aquella que trabaja la manera en que el fenómeno religioso neopentecostal, como ejemplo de fe de la prosperidad, se vincula con el neoliberalismo. De este modo, y a partir del método documental-bibliográfico, se puede evidenciar cómo es que el actual viraje del capitalismo se dirige hacia ciertas prácticas y discursos religiosos, de modo que pueda capturarlos y volverlos a su favor, ya que dichas prácticas y discursos permiten, entre otras cosas, una alternativa para curar, momentáneamente, el sufrimiento subjetivo que padece el Homo oeconomicus por vivir como manda el sistema.

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the relationship theology of prosperity, which is specifically taken in its neo-Pentecostal expression, and neoliberalism as necessary within the current framework of systemic reproduction of capitalism. For this, the writing is divided into three parts: the first, which is responsible for conceptually exposing neo-Pentecostalism; the second, where the theology of prosperity is exposed; and, finally, the one that works on the way in which the neo-Pentecostal religious phenomenon, as an example of faith in prosperity, is linked to neoliberalism. In this way, it can be evidenced how the current turn of capitalism is directed towards religion, so that it can capture it and turn it in its favor, since it allows an alternative to cure, momentarily, the subjective suffering of Homo oeconomicus that inhabits within the system that he himself produced.

O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar que a relação entre a teologia da prosperidade, específicamente tomada em sua expressão neopentecostal, e o neoliberalismo, entendido a partir de sua dimensão de força produtora de subjetividade, tem se fortalecido no atual quadro de reprodução do capitalismo. Para isso, o escrito está dividido em três partes: a primeira, que se encarrega de expor conceitualmente o neopentecostalismo; a segunda, onde é exposta a teologia da prosperidade; e, por fim, a que trabalha a maneira como o fenômeno religioso neopentecostal, como exemplo de fé na prosperidade, se vincula ao neoliberalismo. Desta forma, e a partir do método bibliográfico-documental, pode-se evidenciar como a atual virada do capitalismo está voltada para a religião, de modo que possa capturá-la e transformá-la a seu favor, pois permite uma alternativa para curar, momentaneamente, o sofrimento subjetivo sofrido pelo homo oeconomicus por viver como manda o sistema.

Construção de um aplicativo: promoção à saúde do idoso com incapacidade e dor lombar / Building an app: promoting the health of elderly people with disabilities and low back pain

Introdução: A incapacidade funcional e o desempenho físico são definidos pela dificuldade ou necessidade de ajuda para o indivíduo executar tarefas diárias, podendo repercutir na capacidade adaptativa das atividades diárias, tanto nas suas capacidades físicas quanto mentais. O processo de envelhecimento acarreta incapacidade funcional, comprometendo a qualidade de vida. Objetivo geral: Construir um aplicativo em saúde com foco na saúde do idoso com incapacidade na lombar. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo construção de um aplicativo, desenvolvido durante o período de agosto de 2021 a maio de 2022 em Fortaleza-CE, na página https://fabricadeaplicativos.com.br e será disponibilizado com um instrumento composto pelo índice de Oswestry 2.0 de Incapacidade. Resultados: Telas explicativas para download e acesso ao aplicativo desenvolvido para facilitar o alcance de informações relevantes aos idosos que sofrem limitações no seu dia a dia, provenientes do processo de envelhecimento. Conclusão: Tendo visto que existem poucos estudos e aplicativos sobre esse assunto, se faz necessário a criação de um aplicativo voltado ao tema.(AU)

Introduction: Functional disability and physical performance are defined by the difficulty or need for help for the individual to perform daily tasks. It can have repercussions on the adaptive capacity of daily activities, both in their physical and mental capacities. The aging process causes functional disability, thus compromising quality of life. General objective: To build a health application focused on the health of the elderly with disabilities in the lumbar. Methods: This is a study of the type of construction of an application, developed during the period from August 2021 to May 2022 in Fortaleza-Ceará, on page https://fabricadeaplicativos.com.br and will be made available with an instrument composed of the Oswestry 2.0 Disability Index. Results: Explanatory screens for download and access to the application that was developed to facilitate the reach of relevant information to the elderly who suffer limitations in their day-to-day coming from the aging process. Conclusion: Having seen that there are few studies and applications on this subject, it is necessary to create an application focused on the subject.(AU)

Introducción: La discapacidad funcional y el rendimiento físico se definen por la dificultad o necesidad de ayuda del individuo para realizar las tareas diarias, lo que puede repercutir en la capacidad adaptativa de las actividades diarias, tanto en sus capacidades físicas como mentales. El proceso de envejecimiento conduce a una discapacidad funcional, comprometiendo la calidad de vida. Objetivo general: Construir una aplicación de salud centrada en la salud de personas mayores con discapacidad lumbar. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio del tipo constructivo de una aplicación, desarrollado durante el período de agosto de 2021 a mayo de 2022 en Fortaleza-CE, en la página https://fabricadeaplicativos.com.br y estará disponible con un instrumento compuesto. por el Índice de Discapacidad Oswestry 2.0. Resultados: Pantallas explicativas de descarga y acceso a la aplicación desarrollada para facilitar el acceso a información relevante a personas mayores que sufren limitaciones en su vida diaria, derivadas del proceso de envejecimiento. Conclusión: Dado que existen pocos estudios y aplicaciones sobre este tema, es necesario crear una aplicación enfocada en el tema.(AU)

Comparison of intraocular lens power prediction accuracy of formulas in American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery post-refractive surgery calculator in eyes with prior radial keratotomy

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power prediction of the formulas available on the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (ASCRS) post?refractive calculator in eyes with prior radial keratotomy (RK) for myopia. Methods: This retrospective study included 25 eyes of 18 patients whose status was post?RK for treatment of myopia, which had undergone cataract extraction with IOL implantation. Prediction error was calculated as the difference between implanted IOL power and predicted power by various formulae available on ASCRS post?refractive calculator. The formulas compared were Humphrey Atlas method, IOLMaster/Lenstar method, Barrett True?K no?history formula, ASCRS Average power, and ASCRS Maximum power on ASCRS post?refractive calculator. Results: Median absolute errors were the least for Barrett True?K and ASCRS Maximum power, that is, 0.56 (0.25, 1.04) and 0.56 (0.25, 1.06) D, respectively, and that of Atlas method was 1.60 (0.85, 2.28) D. Median arithmetic errors were positive for Atlas, Barrett True?K, ASCRS Average (0.86 [?0.17, 1.61], 0.14 [?0.22 to 0.54], and 0.23 [?0.054, 0.76] D, respectively) and negative for IOLMaster/Lenstar method and ASCRS Maximum power (?0.02 [?0.46 to 0.38] and ? 0.48 [?1.06 to ? 0.22] D, respectively). Multiple comparison analysis of Friedman抯 test revealed that Atlas formula was significantly different from IOLMaster/ Lenstar, Barrett True?K, and ASCRS Maximum power; ASCRS Maximum power was significantly different from all others (P < 0.00001). Conclusion: In post?RK eyes, Barrett True?K no?history formula and ASCRS Maximum power given by the ASCRS calculator were more accurate than other available formulas, with ASCRS Maximum leading to more myopic outcomes when compared to others

Covid-19: algunos efectos delictuales con impacto en la convivencia y seguridad en Colombia / Covid-19: some criminal effects with an impact on coexistence and securityin Colombia / Covid-19: alguns efeitos do crime com impacto na coexistência e na segurança na Colômbia

El presente texto tiene como objetivo analizar los impactos tempranos en la seguridad de Colombia, en contextos de la pandemia de covid-19, a partir del registro del primer caso de contagio en el país. En el marco de una investigación empírico-analítica y de revisión cualitativa y cuantitativa de fuentes primarias y secundarias en torno a la pregunta ¿cómo se comportaron los delitos (homicidio, hurtos), saqueos a establecimientos comerciales, emergencia carcelaria, delitos informáticos, acciones de los grupos armados ilegales y violencia intrafamiliar, en el contexto temprano de la pandemia de covid-19 en Colombia? Para aproximarnos a una respuesta, trabajamos un método inductivo con base en cifras oficiales, lo cual arrojó como resultado la manifestación de un cambio significativo con relación al periodo prepandémico y las primeras fases de manifestación de las restricciones sociales por causa de la covid-19; lo que permitió concluir que, en contextos de excepcionalidad, los indicadores de seguridad experimentan variaciones significativas, en particular de forma temprana, lo cual es funcional para la corrección de protocolos y manuales para el proceso de toma de decisiones desde un enfoque prospectivo.

The aim of this text is to analyse the early impacts on security in Colombia, in the context of the covid-19 pandemic, based on the registration of the first case of contagion in the country. Within the framework of an empirical-analytical research and a qualitative and quantitative review of primary and secondary sources, the question is: how did crime (homicide, theft), looting of commercial establishments, prison emergencies, computer crimes, actions of illegal armed groups and domestic violence function in the early context of the covid-19 pandemic in Colombia? To approach an answer, we used an inductive method based on official figures, which resulted in the manifestation of a significant change in relation to the pre-pandemic period and the first phases of manifestation of social restrictions due to covid-19; which allowed us to conclude that, in contexts of exceptionality, security indicators experienced significant variations, particularly early on, which is functional for the correction of protocols and manuals for the decision-making process based on a prospective approach.

O objetivo deste texto é analisar os primeiros impactos sobre a segurança na Colômbia, no contexto da pandemia da covid-19, com base no registro do primeiro caso de contágio no país. No âmbito de uma pesquisa empírico-analítica e de uma revisão qualitativa e quantitativa de fontes primárias e secundárias, a pergunta é: como se comportaram a criminalidade (homicídios, roubos), os saques a estabelecimentos comerciais, as emergências carcerárias, os crimes informáticos, as ações de grupos armados ilegais e a violência doméstica no contexto inicial da pandemia da covid-19 na Colômbia? Para chegar a uma resposta, utilizamos um método indutivo baseado em números oficiais, o que resultou na manifestação de uma mudança significativa com relação ao período pré-pandêmico e às primeiras fases de manifestação de restrições sociais devido à covid-19; o que nos permitiu concluir que, em contextos de excepcionalidade, os indicadores de segurança experimentam variações significativas, particularmente no início, o que é funcional para a correção de protocolos e manuais para o processo de tomada de decisão a partir de uma abordagem prospectiva.

A propósito de una experiencia de gestión de la Sociedad Peruana de Obstetricia y Ginecología (SPOG)

Las sociedades médicas usualmente tienen como misión y visión la mejora de competencias de los asociados y por ello las actividades académicas suelen ser la finalidad más importante. La Sociedad Peruana de Obstetricia y Ginecología (SPOG) lo hace también, pero en el país se ha constituido referente de la salud de la mujer y es parte del grupo asesor del Ministerio de Salud; promueve y defiende políticas públicas en beneficio de la salud sexual y reproductiva, con impulso reciente de la vacunación de las gestantes contra el COVID-19 que permitió reducir las muertes maternas. En el año 2023, la SPOG defiende el derecho de las mujeres a la anticoncepción de emergencia ante el Tribunal Constitucional y del aborto terapéutico ante la Corte Suprema de Justicia. Además, se publica desde el año 1955 la Revista Peruana de Ginecología y Obstetricia (RPGO) que, con el apoyo de las diferentes directivas de la SPOG, ha logrado recientemente su indexación a Scopus. Al revisar el último Plan Estratégico 2022-2026, la SPOG puede ser considerada una sociedad académica moderna que busca ser autosostenible mediante la ejecución de proyectos con la cooperación externa y de organismos internacionales y con el apoyo de los asociados y una administración moderna transparente y eficiente. Las sociedades médicas actuales y del futuro no solo conducen la actividad académica científica de su especialidad, sino también participan en las políticas públicas de salud del área de su competencia.

Medical societies usually have as their mission and vision the improvement of their members' competencies and therefore academic activities are usually the most important objective. The Sociedad Peruana de Obstetricia y Ginecología (SPOG) is an academic institution, but it has become a reference for women's health and is part of the Advisory Group of the Ministry of Health; it promotes and defends public policies for the benefit of sexual and reproductive health, recently promoting the vaccination of pregnant women against COVID-19 and reducing maternal deaths. In 2023, SPOG defends women's right to emergency contraception before the Constitutional Court and therapeutic abortion before the Supreme Court of Justice. In addition, the Peruvian Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (RPGO, for its acronym in Spanish) has been published since 1955 and with the support of the different SPOG boards has recently been indexed in Scopus. In reviewing the latest Strategic Plan 2022-2026, SPOG can be considered a modern academic society that seeks to be self-sustainable through the implementation of projects with external cooperation and with the support of the associates and a modern transparent and efficient administration. Current and future medical societies not only conduct the scientific academic activity of their specialty but also participate in public health policies in the area of their competence.

Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: Legal, Ethical and Social Aspects / Inteligencia artificial en medicina: aspectos jurídicos, éticos y sociales / Inteligência artificial em medicina: aspectos legais, éticos e sociais

In this article, the authors reflected the legal, ethical and social aspects of the introduction of artificial intelligence in the field of medicine. The authors used the dialectical method to understand the problematic aspects of qualitative changes in the healthcare system of Ukraine in connection with the quantitative increase in the use of artificial intelligence technology. The system method contributed to determining the nature of the impact of the introduction of artificial intelligence on the transformation of the structural elements of legislation in the healthcare sector. Analytical and formal-logical methods were useful in the process of identifying legal and ethical and social problems from the introduction of artificial intelligence and providing proposals for their solution. Emphasis was placed on the current state of the legal regulation of artificial intelligence in Ukraine and the problems of a legal, ethical and social nature that need to be addressed in the process of its implementation. The authors came to the conclusion that Ukraine is now at the initial stage of introducing artificial intelligence into public life. The problem of the lack of legislative work to streamline public relations associated with the use of artificial intelligence has been identified. Proposals are provided that can help mitigate the risks from the introduction of artificial intelligence.

En este artículo los autores reflejan los aspectos jurídicos, éticos y sociales de la introducción de la inteligencia artificial en el campo de la medicina. Utilizaron el método dialéctico para comprender los aspectos problemáticos de los cambios cualitativos en el sistema sanitario de Ucrania en relación con el aumento cuantitativo del uso de la tecnología de inteligencia artificial. El método sistémico contribuyó a determinar la naturaleza del impacto de la introducción de la inteligencia artificial en la transformación de los elementos estructurales de la legislación en el sector sanitario. Los métodos analíticos y lógicoformales fueron útiles en el proceso de identificación de los problemas jurídicos y éticos y sociales derivados de la introducción de la inteligencia artificial y de aportación de propuestas para su solución. Se hizo hincapié en el estado actual de la regulación jurídica de la inteligencia artificial en Ucrania y en los problemas de carácter jurídico, ético y social que deben abordarse en el proceso de su implantación. Los autores llegaron a la conclusión de que Ucrania se encuentra actualmente en la fase inicial de la introducción de la inteligencia artificial en la vida pública. Se ha identificado el problema de la falta de trabajo legislativo para racionalizar las relaciones públicas asociadas al uso de la inteligencia artificial. Se ofrecen propuestas que pueden ayudar a mitigar los riesgos derivados de la introducción de la inteligencia artificial.

Nesse artigo, os autores refletem sobre os aspectos legais, éticos e sociais da introdução da inteligência artificial no campo da medicina. Os autores usaram o método dialético para compreender os aspectos problemáticos das mudanças qualitativas no sistema de cuidados à saúde da Ucrânia em conexão com o aumento quantitativo no uso da tecnologia de inteligência artificial. O método do sistema contribuiu para determinar a natureza do impacto da introdução da inteligência artificial na transformação dos elementos estruturais da legislação no setor de cuidados à saúde. Métodos lógico-analíticos e formais foram úteis no processo de identificar problemas legais, éticos e sociais para a introdução da inteligência artificial e fornecer propostas para sua solução. Ênfase foi dada ao estado atual da regulação da inteligência artificial na Ucrânia e os problemas de natureza ética, legal e social que necessitam ser abordados no processo de sua implementação. Os autores concluíram que a Ucrânia está agora em um estágio inicial de introdução da inteligência artificial na vida pública. O problema da falta de trabalho legislativo para agilizar as relações públicas com o uso de inteligência artificial foi identificado. Propostas foram fornecidas que podem ajudar a mitigar os riscos da introdução da inteligência artificial.

Ciencia, tecnología y sociedad en el modelo formativo para la gestión de la evaluación de tecnologías sanitarias / Science, technology and society in the training model for the management of health technology assessment i: en

La educación de posgrado en Cuba tiene una función determinante en el desarrollo de los profesionales. Al respecto, en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba se ha implementado un modelo formativo para la gestión de la evaluación de las tecnologías sanitarias, en el cual se establece la interrelación e interconexión del enfoque en ciencia, tecnología y sociedad, así como el empleo del contexto y la contextualización en los referentes que permiten la transformación del proceso de formación de posgrado. En el actual artículo se expone cómo la aplicación de dicho modelo ha contribuido a moldear la preparación e incrementar la cultura de los gestores de ciencia, tecnología e innovación en salud, a la vez que ha favorecido la calidad de la educación de posgrado desde una perspectiva integral, materializada en la mejora de su gestión.

Postgraduate education in Cuba has a determining role in the development of professionals. In this regard, the University of Medical Sciences from Santiago de Cuba has implemented a training model for the management of health technologies assessment, which establishes the interrelation and interconnection of the approach in science, technology and society, as well as the use of context and contextualization in the referents that allow the transformation of postgraduate training process. In the current article, it is exposed how the application of said model has contributed to shaping the training and improving the culture of health science, technology and innovation managers, at the same time that it has favored the quality of postgraduate education from an integral perspective, materialized in the improvement of its management.

Importancia social de la preparación pedagógica del tutor en la formación del médico general integral

Introducción: la figura del tutor es de vital importancia en la formación del especialista en medicina general integral. Objetivo: fundamentar la importancia del desempeño profesional pedagógico del tutor en la formación del especialista en medicina general integral en la sociedad cubana. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un análisis documental a partir de una búsqueda sobre el tema, de enero de 2020 a agosto de 2022, en las bases de datos PubMed y SciELO, y en el motor de búsqueda Google Académico. Se evaluaron artículos de revisión, de investigación y páginas web -en español, portugués e inglés- que hicieran referencia al tema a través del título. Fueron excluidos los artículos que no cumplieron con estas condiciones. Conclusiones: la medicina familiar es eminentemente social, por su objeto y misión en la comunidad, de ahí que garantizar la formación de profesionales integrales que involucren en su desarrollo los contenidos y habilidades de la especialidad, junto a valores y formas de actuación acorde con los principios de la sociedad socialista, supondrá una mayor resolutividad de los problemas de salud de la población y, por ende, una mayor calidad de vida.

Introduction: the figure of the tutor is of vital importance in the training of the specialist in comprehensive general medicine. Objective: to base the importance of the professional pedagogical performance in the training of the specialist in comprehensive general medicine in Cuban society. Materials and methods: a documental analysis was carried out froma search on the subject, from January 2020 to August in PubMed and SciELO databases and in the Google Scholar search engine. Review and research articles and web pages-in Spanish, Portuguese and English-that referred to the subject in the title were evaluated. Articles that did not meet this condition were excluded. Conclusions: family medicine is eminently social, due to its objective and mission in the community, hence guaranteeing the training of comprehensive professionals who involve the contents and skills of the specialty in their development, along with values and forms of action in accordance with the principles of the socialist society, will suppose a better resolution of the health problems of the population, and therefore, a better quality of life.

O feminino na fantasia: entre a dialética do desejo em Lacan e a fantasia social em Zizek / The feminine in fantasy: between the dialectic of desire in Lacan and social fantasy in Zizek / Lo femenino en la fantasía: entre la dialéctica del deseo en Lacan y la fantasía social en Zizek

Partindo do perceptível conflito entre as determinações fantasísticas do social, referentes ao feminino e o desejo da mulher enquanto sujeito, que chega à clínica materializado em um profundo sofrimento psíquico do qual ela parece incapaz de atravessar, questionamos: quais seriam os elementos da cena social atramados na fantasia social que apontam para o que consideramos representações do feminino? Assim, objetivamos articular o grafo do desejo em Lacan com a noção de fantasia social em Zizek para tentar responder o que haveria de feminino na fantasia, ou seja, como a dialética do desejo e a noção de fantasia social podem ajudar a compreender as construções fantasísticas do feminino. Para tanto, lançamos mão de uma investigação teórica com enfoque no texto lacaniano Subversão do sujeito e dialética do desejo no inconsciente freudiano (1960) e no texto de Slavoj Zizek Eles não sabem o que fazem - o sublime objeto da ideologia (1992), sem desconsiderar, contudo, comentadores de ambos os teóricos mencionados. Nessa perspectiva, este estudo desenvolveu a articulação dos conceitos - fantasia, desejo, feminino e fantasia social - procurando se organizar a partir de três questões: 1) De que forma as elaborações de Zizek sobre ideologia como fantasia social auxilia a compreender a dialética do desejo em Lacan?; 2) De que forma o desejo do Outro, enquanto social, resta na fantasia do sujeito, de modo a responder pela articulação fundamental entre a demanda e o desejo?; 3) Sob qual razão os elementos conjunturais são tomados na perspectiva estrutural que compõe o que entendemos por feminino na fantasia? Tomando por base a assertiva de que a sociedade não existe por si mesma, o feminino na fantasia poderia sustentar a própria fantasia de uma ordem social, ao cumprir a função de tamponar os hiatos deixados pela dissimetria entre o sujeito e o social.

Starting from the perceptible conflict between the fantastical determinations of the social referring to the feminine and the woman's desire as a subject who arrives at the clinic materialized in a deep psychic suffering that she seems unable to go through, we question: what would be the elements of the social scene strung in fantasy that point to what we consider representations of the feminine? Thus, we aim to articulate the graph of desire in Lacan with the notion of social fantasy in Zizek to try to answer what would be feminine in fantasy, that is, how the dialectic of desire and the notion of social fantasy can help us to understand the constructions feminine fantasies. For that, we make use of a theoretical investigation focusing on the Lacanian text Subversion of the subject and the dialectic of desire in the Freudian unconscious (1960) and on the text of Slavoj Zizek They do not know what they do - the sublime object of ideology (1992), without disregard, however, commentators of both theorists mentioned. In this perspective, this study developed the articulation of the concepts - fantasy, desire, feminine and social fantasy - seeking to organize itself from three questions: 1) How do Zizek's elaborations on ideology as social fantasy help us to understand the dialectic of the desire in Lacan?; 2) How does the Other's desire, as a social one, remain in the subject's fantasy, in order to respond to the fundamental articulation between demand and desire?; 3) Under what reason are the conjunctural elements taken in the structural perspective that compose what we understand by feminine in fantasy? Based on the assertion that society does not exist by itself, the feminine in fantasy could sustain the fantasy of a social order, by fulfilling the function of plugging the holes left by the dissymmetry between the subject and the social.

Partiendo del perceptible conflicto entre las determinaciones fantásticas de lo social referente a lo femenino y el deseo de la mujer como sujeto que llega a la clínica materializado en un profundo sufrimiento psíquico que parece incapaz de atravesar, nos cuestionamos: ¿cuáles serían los elementos de la escena social ensartadas en la fantasía que apuntan a lo que consideramos representaciones de lo femenino? Así, pretendemos articular el grafo del deseo en Lacan con la noción de fantasía social en Zizek para tratar de responder qué sería femenino en la fantasía, es decir, cómo la dialéctica del deseo y la noción de fantasía social pueden ayudarnos a comprender las construcciones fantasías femeninas. Para ello, nos valemos de una investigación teórica centrada en el texto lacaniano Subversión del sujeto y la dialéctica del deseo en el inconsciente freudiano (1960) y en el texto de Slavoj Zizek No saben lo que hacen - el objeto sublime de la ideología (1992), sin menospreciar, sin embargo, los comentadores de ambos teóricos mencionados. En esta perspectiva, este estudio desarrolló la articulación de los conceptos - fantasía, deseo, femenino y fantasía social- buscando organizarse a partir de tres interrogantes: 1) ¿De qué manera las elaboraciones de Zizek sobre la ideología como fantasía social nos ayudan a comprender la dialéctica del deseo? en Lacan?; 2) ¿Cómo el deseo del Otro, como social, permanece en la fantasía del sujeto, para responder a la articulación fundamental entre demanda y deseo?; 3) ¿Bajo qué razón se toman los elementos coyunturales en la perspectiva estructural que componen lo que entendemos por femenino en la fantasía? Partiendo de la afirmación de que la sociedad no existe por sí mismo, lo femenino en la fantasía podría sustentar la fantasía de un orden social, cumpliendo la función de tapar los agujeros dejados por la disimetría entre el sujeto y lo social.

O consumismo da desinformação em saúde: os abjetos objetos do desejo / The consumerism of misinformation in health: the abject objects of desire

Resumo O desafio de analisar a distorção infodêmica e o ávido consumo das Fake News (FN) está ligado à complexidade das engrenagens de produção, divulgação e contaminação do imaginário social. As modalidades de situações desinformativas e lacunas no arcabouço conceitual desdobram-se em indeterminações, embora pouca atenção se tenha dedicado à recepção das mensagens. O presente ensaio refere-se às circunstâncias tecnológicas e culturais a partir das quais prospera a produção e consumo incoercível da mentira, não raro justificada sob diversos propósitos. Destaca-se a centralidade do engodo em massa como agressão à política e à saúde pública em um contexto sociocultural no qual o vício na excitação tornou-se estruturante. Serão usadas ferramentas analíticas da Filosofia da Excitação de Christoph Tücker para compreender o fenômeno da ininterrupta produção de estímulos e artefatos imagéticos que incitam ao vício nas narrativas de ludíbrio e das interações sem relacionalidade. Conclui-se que no contexto da atual "Idade Mídia", novas modalidades de ideologia e alienação estão envolvidas em ciclos de consumo. As necessidades da identidade grupal geram discursos sem diálogo e deterioração dos processos comunicativos a partir do qual o poder da convicção impera sobre o factual.

Abstract The challenge of analyzing the infodemic distortion and avid consumption of fake news is linked to the complexity of production, dissemination, and contamination of the social imagination. The modalities of uninformative situations and gaps in the conceptual framework fall into indeterminacy, although scant attention has been devoted to the reception of messages. This paper refers to the technological and cultural circumstances from which the production and uncontrollable consumption of lies thrive, often justified for different purposes. The centrality of mass deception is highlighted as an aggression to politics and public health in a socio-cultural context in which the addiction to excitement has become structural. Analytical tools from Türcke's Philosophy of Sensation are used to understand the phenomenon of uninterrupted production of stimuli and imagery artifacts that incite addiction in narratives of deception and interactions without any relationship. The conclusion drawn is that in the context of the current "Media Age", new forms of ideology and alienation are involved in consumption cycles. The needs of group identity generate speech without dialogue and deterioration of communicative processes in which the power of conviction prevails over fact.

Prevención de enfermedades profesionales y superación profesional, valoraciones desde los estudios sobre Ciencia, tecnología y sociedad

El proceso de actualización del modelo económico-social cubano de desarrollo socialista, genera importantes transformaciones asociadas a la actividad de trabajo; aspecto que refuerza la significación médico-social de la prevención de enfermedades profesionales. El presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de valorar la significación de la prevención de enfermedades profesionales para la superación del médico de familia, a partir de los estudios ciencia, tecnología y sociedad. Entre los métodos empleados figuran el histórico-lógico, el analítico-sintético y la sistematización; aplicados esencialmente en la valoración de las direcciones principales y referentes ubicados en el campo de los estudios ciencia, tecnología y sociedad. También se empleó la revisión de documentos para examinar instrumentos programáticos y disposiciones jurídicas. Los resultados incluyen valoraciones sobre los referentes vinculados al tema, la determinación de nexos con el desarrollo socioeconómico del país y el establecimiento de relaciones teórico-conceptuales desde un enfoque interdisciplinario, humanista, activo y transformador.

The process of bring up to date of the pattern socio-economic Cuban of development socialist, generates important transformations associated to the work activity; aspect that reinforces the doctor-social significance of the prevention of professional illnesses. The present work has the objective of valuing the significance of the prevention of professional illnesses for the family doctor's self-improvement, starting from the studies science, technology and society. Among the used methods they figure the historical-logical one, the analytic-synthetic one and the systematizing; applied essentially in the valuation of the main and relating addresses located in the field of the studies science, technology and society. The revision of documents was also used to examine programmatic instruments and juridical dispositions. The results include valuations on the relating ones linked to the topic, the determination of nexuses with the socioeconomic development of the country and the establishment of theoretical-conceptual relationships from an interdisciplinary, humanist focus, I activate and transformer.

La obtención de la vacuna cubana Abdala como proceso social, sus condicionantes sociales

El texto presta atención las condicionantes sociales principales de la obtención de la vacuna Abdala como proceso social. El primero, histórico fundacional, se relaciona con la actitud científica del médico cubano Tomás Romay y Chacón ante el conocimiento y la práctica de la medicina; el segundo, político de partida, tiene que ver con importantes decisiones políticas tomadas por el gobierno revolucionario cubano a partir de 1959 que sentaron las bases para las políticas públicas de ciencia, tecnología e innovación; el tercero, educativo revolucionario, más cercano en el tiempo, remite a la educación patriótico-revolucionaria adquirida por quienes iniciaron la biotecnología en Cuba, que les permitió resultados relevantes en los comienzos de este campo a nivel internacional; el cuarto, organizativo tecnológico, remite a las formas organizativas innovadoras empleadas en la obtención de la vacuna Abdala. El objetivo general que se persigue es caracterizar los referidos condicionantes principales.

SUMMARY The text pays attention to four main social conditions of obtaining the Abdala vaccine as a social process. The first, foundational history, is related to the scientific attitude of the Cuban doctor Tomás Romay y Chacón towards the knowledge and practice of medicine; the second, starting political, has to do with important political decisions taken by the Cuban revolutionary government from 1959 that laid the foundations for public policies on science, technology and innovation; the third, revolutionary education, closer in time, refers to the patriotic-revolutionary education acquired by those who started biotechnology in Cuba, which allowed them to obtain relevant results at the beginning of this field at an international level; the fourth, technological organizational, refers to the innovative organizational forms used to obtain the Abdala vaccine. The general objective pursued is to characterize the aforementioned main determining factors.

Avances científico-técnicos en la clasificación de las enfermedades periodontales y su enfoque social

El desarrollo de la ciencia y la técnica impone una revi sión de conceptos que deben ajustarse a las evidencias que surgen de los avances de la propia ciencia. Dentro de las ciencias particulares puede hacerse alusión al campo de la Estomatología, cuyo desarrollo ha generado subes pecialidades como la Periodoncia. Durante muchos años se han propuesto y diseñado sistemas de clasificación de las enfermedades periodontales que han permitido incrementar la calidad de la atención a los pacientes. Es deber de todo profesional de la salud brindar la mejor atención posible y hacerla dispo nible y accesible para toda la sociedad. En el presen te trabajo se pretende analizar, desde un enfoque ciencia-tecnología y sociedad, la evolución de las clasificaciones de la enfermedad periodontal desde una perspectiva adecuada a la realidad social en que se desarrolla tanto el profesional como el paciente, con el fin de lograr un impacto positivo que resulte en el incremento de la calidad de vida de la población. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica que se caracterizó por la selección de estudios y la estrategia de búsqueda. Fueron utilizadas como palabras clave las siguientes: ciencia, tecnología, sociedad, periodoncia, clasificación. Las fuentes de información consultadas fueron Google Scholar; PubMed; Cochcrane; MediSur. Se seleccionaron 20 artículos. Se concluyó que en periodoncia resulta necesario actualizar los conocimientos teniendo en cuenta los avances científico-técnicos y utilizarlos desde la perspectiva de la profesionalidad y la ética, siempre en beneficio de la sociedad.

The development of science and technology imposes a revision of concepts that must be adjusted to the evidence that arises from the advances of science itself. Within the particular sciences, reference can be made to the field of Stomatology, whose development has generated subspecialties such as Periodontics. For many years, classification systems for periodontal diseases have been proposed and designed, which have made it possible to increase the quality of care for patients. It is the duty of every health professional to provide the best possible care and make it available and accessible to all of society. The aim of this research is to analyze, from a science-technology and society approach, the evolution of the classifications of periodontal disease from an appropriate perspective to the social reality in which both the professional and the patient develop, in order to achieve a positive impact that results in the population's quality of life increase. A bibliographic review was carried out that was characterized by the selection of studies and the search strategy. The keywords: science, technology, society, periodontics, classification were used. The information sources consulted were Google Scholar; PubMed; Cochcrane; MediSur. 20 articles were selected. It was concluded that in periodontics it is necessary to update knowledge taking into account scientific-technical advances and use them from the professionalism and ethics perspective, always for the society benefit.

Capacidade de comunicação das entidades do CNS nos meios digitais: há assimetrias expressivas entre os segmentos? / Communication capacity of NHC entities in digital media: are there significant asymmetries among segments?

Resumo Apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa inédita que analisou os processos e as estratégias de comunicação das entidades titulares do Conselho Nacional de Saúde, gestão 2018-2021. A produção autônoma de comunicação alternativa pela sociedade civil consiste num dos princípios fundamentais dos regimes democráticos para um importante autor norte-americano institucionalista (Robert Dahl). A emergência da Internet e das redes sociais trouxe novas necessidades para essas organizações divulgarem suas ideias e se fazerem presentes na sociedade em rede (Castells). O estudo teve como objetivo analisar em que medida essas entidades estão inseridas no meio digital e verificar se havia diferenças expressivas na capacidade de comunicação entre os segmentos representados no Conselho. Um inquérito foi aplicado às áreas de comunicação de 42 entidades do CNS de setembro de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020. Foram obtidas 34 respostas (81%). Os resultados mostram a existência de 3 níveis de desenvolvimento no trabalho de comunicação entre essas entidades, independentemente das categorias macro institucionais. Ao final, discute-se os resultados à luz dos modelos da poliarquia e da democracia digital, e são apontados novos passos para uma comunicação e participação efetivamente democráticas.

Abstract This work presents the results of a study that analyzed the processes and communication strategies by the entities represented in the National Health Council (NHC), 2018-2021 administration. The production of alternative communication by civil society constitutes one of the fundamental principles of democratic regimes for an important American institutionalist author (Robert Dahl). The emergence of the Internet and social networks has brought new demands for these organizations to disseminate their ideas and be present in this network society (Castells). Our study aimed to analyze the extent to which these entities are present in the digital media and to verify if there were significant differences in the communication capacity among the segments represented in the NHC. A survey was applied to the communication departments of the 42 NHC entities from September 2019 to February 2020. Thirty-four answers were obtained (81%). The results show the existence of 3 different levels of development in communication within these entities, regardless of the macro-institutional categories. Our article ends by discussing the results in light of the polyarchy and the digital democracy models and highlighting new steps towards effective democratic communication policies and participation.

Applicability of the acute leukemia (AL) - EBMT score as a prognostic model for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a single-center, prospective, cohort study at a reference transplant center in Brazil

Abstract Introduction The Acute Leukemia-European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (AL-EBMT) risk score was recently developed and validated by Shouval et al. Objective To assess the ability of this score in predicting the 2-year overall survival (OS-2), leukemia-free survival (LFS-2) and transplant-related mortality (TRM) in acute leukemia (AL) adult patients undergoing a first allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) at a transplant center in Brazil. Methods In this prospective, cohort study, we used the formula published by Shouval et al. to calculate the AL-EBMT score and stratify patients into three risk categories. Results A total of 79 patients transplanted between 2008 and 2018 were analyzed. The median age was 38 years. Acute myeloid leukemia was the most common diagnosis (68%). Almost a quarter of the cases were at an advanced stage. All hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCTs) were human leukocyte antigen-matched (HLA-matched) and the majority used familial donors (77%). Myeloablative conditioning was used in 92% of the cases. Stratification according to the AL-EBMT score into low-, intermediate- and high-risk groups yielded the following results: 40%, 12% and 47% of the cases, respectively. The high scoring group was associated with a hazard ratio of 2.1 (p= 0.007), 2.1 (p= 0.009) and 2.47 (p= 0.01) for the 2-year OS, LFS and TRM, respectively. Conclusion This study supports the ability of the AL-EBMT score to reasonably predict the 2-year post-transplant OS, LFS and TRM and to discriminate between risk categories in adult patients with AL, thus confirming its usefulness in clinical decision-making in this setting. Larger, multicenter studies may further help confirm these findings.

Ethics considerations on brain-computer interface technology / 生物医学工程学杂志

The development and potential application of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology is closely related to the human brain, so that the ethical regulation of BCI has become an important issue attracting the consideration of society. Existing literatures have discussed the ethical norms of BCI technology from the perspectives of non-BCI developers and scientific ethics, while few discussions have been launched from the perspective of BCI developers. Therefore, there is a great need to study and discuss the ethical norms of BCI technology from the perspective of BCI developers. In this paper, we present the user-centered and non-harmful BCI technology ethics, and then discuss and look forward on them. This paper argues that human beings can cope with the ethical issues arising from BCI technology, and as BCI technology develops, its ethical norms will be improved continuously. It is expected that this paper can provide thoughts and references for the formulation of ethical norms related to BCI technology.

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on procedures performed by fellows of the Vitreo-Retina Training Program at the Philippine General Hospital

BACKGROUND@#The COVID-19 pandemic has affected ophthalmology training. The Vitreo-Retina Training Program extended the training periods of its trainees in anticipation of a drop in surgical cases during the pandemic to make up for the expected drop.@*OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Vitreo-Retinal Fellowship Program at the Philippine General Hospital (PGH), specifically the number of procedures performed by the Vitreo-Retina Fellows before and during the pandemic and their compliance with the Vitreo-Retina Society of the Philippines (VRSP) standards.@*METHODOLOGY@#This is a document review of vitreo-retinal procedures done at the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences of the PGH from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021.@*RESULT@#During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, there was a drop in the number of procedures performed by both the first year and second year vitreo-retina fellows. Despite the drop in numbers, the first year vitreo- retina fellows were still in compliance with the VRSP-recommended number of procedures. The second year vitreo-retina fellows, on the other hand, were not able to comply with the recommended numbers by the VRSP. The extension year allowed the second year fellows to do more procedures and comply with the recommended numbers of pars plana vitrectomy only.@*CONCLUSION@#There was a drop in the vitreo-retinal procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic. The second- year fellows were the most affected with the decrease in the number of surgical cases.